Preparation and Numerical Optimization of TiO2:CdS Thin Films in Double Perovskite Solar Cell

This work focuses on preparing TiO2, CdS, and composite TiO2:CdS thin films for photovoltaic applications by thermal evaporation. The suggested materials exhibit very good optical electrical properties can play a significant role in enhancing the efficiency of device. Various microscopy spectroscopy techniques were considered to investigate optical, morphological, photoluminescence, properties. FTIR confirms material identification displaying some peaks fingerprint region. UV Vis yields high transmission (80–90%) low absorbance (5–10%) within spectral region from 500 nm 800 films. band gap values are 2.42 eV, 3.72 3.6 eV. XRD was utilized analyze amorphous nature films, while SEM employed examine morphological changes caused addition CdS TiO2. decrease bandgap determined Tauc plot, which is endorsed due tailing effects. Photoluminescence depicts several emission visible when they excited at different wavelengths, measurement enhances conductivity. Furthermore, proposed electron transport (TiO2, TiO2:CdS) simulated with perovskite validate their design employing SCAPS-1D program assess performance commercial implementation. observed results suggest that promising candidate be used as an ETM PSC enhanced productivity.